Family 家庭 (jiā tíng)

Tone Marks
First ā
Second á
Third ǎ
Fourth à
Neutral a

Pinyin and Characters

Pinyin use the tone marks to indicate the corresponding characters. More than one character can be in the same form of Pinyin, with the same tone marks.

Side Note:
  • Family and relationships is complicated in general, and the titles are even more complicated in Chinese.
  • As for social appellation, "伯父伯母" is an honorific title for parents of friends, classmates, colleagues.
  • Also can be used for parents of lovers.
  • To be safe, "叔叔阿姨" can be used instead.

Reference and Read:

Family 家庭 (jiā tíng)
中文 pīn yīn English
父母 fù mǔ parents
父亲/爸爸 fù qīn/bà ba father/dad
母亲/妈妈 mǔ qīn/mā mā mother/mom
配偶 pèi ǒu spouse
丈夫，老公 zhàng fū, lǎo gōng husband
妻子，老婆 qī zi, lǎo pó wife
孩子 hái zi child, children
儿子 son
女儿 nǚ ér daughter
兄弟姐妹 xiōng dì jiě mèi siblings
哥哥 gē gē elder brother
弟弟 dì dì younger brother
姐姐 jiě jiě elder sister
妹妹 mèi mei younger sister
亲戚 qīn qī relative
父亲的 fù qīn de paternal
母亲的 mǔ qīn de maternal
爷爷 (informal)，祖父 (formal) yé yé (informal), zǔ fù (formal) grandpa, grandfather, (paternal)
奶奶 (informal)，祖母 (formal) nǎi nai (informal), zǔ mǔ (formal) grandma, grandmother, (paternal)
外公 (informal)，外祖父 (formal) wài gōng (informal), wài zǔ fù (formal) grandpa, grandfather, (maternal)
外婆 (informal)，外祖母 (formal) wài pó (informal), wài zǔmǔ (formal) grandma, grandmother, (maternal)
曾祖父母 zēng zǔ fù mǔ great grandparents, (paternal)
曾祖父 zēng zǔ fù great grandfather, (paternal)
曾祖母 zēng zǔ mǔ great grandmother, (paternal)
外曾祖父母 wài zēng zǔ fù mǔ great grandparents (maternal)
外曾祖父 wài zēng zǔ fù great grandfather, (maternal)
外曾祖母 sūn zi, wài sūn great grandmother, (maternal)
孙子，外孙 sūn zi, wài sūn grandchildren, grandson
孙女，外孙女 sūn nǚ, wài sūn nǚ granddaughter
曾孙 zēng sūn great grandson, great grand children
曾孙女 zēng sūn nǚ great granddaughter
祖先 zǔ xiān ancestor
侄子，外甥，侄儿 zhí zi, wài shēng, zhí er nephew
外甥女, 侄女 wài shēng nǚ, zhí nǚ niece
叔叔 shū shu uncle, (father’s younger brother - modern usage), (appellation for female elders, of no blood ties)
伯父，世伯 (honorific) bó fù, shì bó (honorific) uncle, (father’s elder brother)
姑父 gū fu uncle, (husband of father’s sister)
舅舅 jiù jiù uncle, (mother’s brother)
姨夫 yí fū uncle, (husband of sisters)
阿姨 ā yí aunt, (mother’s sister)
伯母，婶婶 bó mǔ, shěn shen aunt, (wife of father’s elder brother)
姑母, 姑姑, 姑妈 gū mǔ, gū gū, gū mā aunt, (father’s sister)
舅妈，舅母 jiù mā, jiù mu aunt, (uncle’s wife)
阿姨，姨妈，姨母 ā yí, yí mā, yí mǔ aunt, (wife of husband of sisters), (appellation for female elders, of no blood ties)
堂兄弟姐妹/表兄弟姐妹 táng xiōng dì jiě mèi/biǎo xiōng dì jiě mèi cousin, (paternal/maternal)
堂兄，堂哥 táng xiōng, táng gē cousin, (son of father’s siblings that is elder that you)
堂弟 táng dì cousin, (son of father’s siblings that is younger than you)
堂姐 táng jiě cousin, (daughter of father’s siblings that is elder that you)
堂妹 táng mèi cousin, (daughter of father’s siblings that is younger than you)
表兄，表哥 biǎo xiōng, biǎo gē cousin, (son of mother's siblings that is elder than you)
表弟 biǎo dì cousin, (son of mother's siblings that is younger than you)
表姐 biǎo jiě cousin, (daughter of mother's siblings that is elder than you)
表妹 biǎo mèi cousin, (daughter of mother's siblings that is younger than you)
姻亲 yīn qīn in-law
嫂子，嫂嫂 sǎo zi, sǎo sǎo sister-in-law, (elder brother’s wife)
弟妹 dì mèi sister-in-law, (younger brother’s wife)
姐夫 jiě fū brother-in-law, (elder sister’s husband)
妹夫 mèi fū brother-in-law, (younger sister’s husband)
大伯子（哥哥） dà bǎi zi (gē gē) brother-in-law, (husband’s elder brother)
小叔子（弟弟） xiǎo shū zi (dì dì) brother-in-law, (husband’s younger brother)
媳妇 xí fù daughter-in-law, (son’s wife)
女婿 nǚ xù son-in-law, (daughter’s husband)